Everything about The Angiotensin Receptor totally explained
The
angiotensin receptors are a class of
G protein-coupled receptors with
angiotensins as
ligands. They are important in the
renin-angiotensin system: they're responsible for the
signal transduction of the main effector hormone.
Structure
The
AT1 and
AT2 receptors share a sequence identity of ~30%, but have a similar affinity for angiotensin II, which is their main ligand.
Members
Overview table
| Receptor |
Mechanism |
| AT1 |
|
| AT2 |
Gi2 / 3
|
| AT3 |
|
| AT4 |
|
AT1
The AT
1 receptor is the best elucidated angiotensin receptor.
Mechanism
The angiotensin receptor is activated by the
vasoconstricting peptide
angiotensin II. The activated receptor in turn couples to
Gi/o and thus activates
phospholipase C and increases the cytosolic Ca
2+ concentrations, which in turn triggers cellular responses such as stimulation of
protein kinase C. Activated receptor also inhibits
adenylate cyclase and activates various
tyrosine kinases.
AT2
AT
2 receptors are more plentiful in the fetus and neonate. Effects mediated by the AT
2 receptor include inhibition of
cell growth, fetal tissue development, modulation of extracellular matrix,
neuronal regeneration,
apoptosis,
cellular differentiation and maybe
vasodilation.
AT3 and AT4
Other poorly characterized subtypes include the AT
3 and AT
4 receptors. The AT
4 receptor is activated by the angiotensin II metabolite angiotensin IV, and may play a role in regulation of the CNS extracellular matrix.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Angiotensin Receptor'.
|
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